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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
保守党人公开呼吁下台，英国首相特拉斯能否度过危机？******
中新网10月17日电 综合外媒报道，英首相特拉斯减税计划所引发的动荡仍在持续。新上任的英国财政大臣亨特不排除会放弃更多特拉斯的减税计划，以稳定市场。
与此同时，特拉斯的表现引发保守党议员的不满，要求她下台呼声高涨。
资料图：英国首相特拉斯。逆转更多减税计划？
英国新财政大臣不排除可能性
据彭博社报道，英国新任财政大臣亨特当地时间10月16日拒绝排除将特拉斯削减基本所得税率的计划推迟一年的可能性，而此举可能导致特拉斯再次逆转其“迷你预算”政策中的一个关键部分。据悉，延迟落实这项计划或可省下50亿英镑。
特拉斯已取消了两项拟议中的减税计划，她上周委任亨特取代克沃滕担任财政大臣时，要求亨特落实她的财政计划中的剩余措施。
不过，10月15日，亨特表明稳定市场是他的首要任务。到了16日，亨特拒绝排除放弃特拉斯财政计划中的另一项关键政策。
新加坡《联合早报》分析称，特拉斯委任亨特为财政大臣是为了挽救其领导地位，因为执政保守党以及国际金融市场，都对她管理国家的能力失去信心。
资料图：当地时间9月5日，英国议会下院保守党籍议员团体“1922委员会”主席格雷厄姆·布雷迪宣布，伊丽莎白·特拉斯当选英国保守党党首，将接任英国首相。图为当地时间9月5日，伊丽莎白·特拉斯在保守党总部外挥手。保守党人公开吁特拉斯下台
称“游戏已结束”
特拉斯的表现引发部分保守党议员不满。其中，英国保守党议员布朗特被指是首个公开呼吁特拉斯下台的保守党人。布朗特10月16日接受英媒访问时说：“我认为游戏已经结束，现在的问题是如何处理接班事宜。”
保守党籍前财政大臣奥斯本则预测，特拉斯有可能重组内阁，寻求完全重来，但她不太可能渡过此次危机。到了圣诞节，特拉斯很可能已离开唐宁街10号。
还有保守党内部知名人士透露，党内部分议员正酝酿支持曾与特拉斯竞争相位的对手，以取代她的位置。前议员古德曼告诉BBC说，党内讨论的人选包括在党魁之争中被特拉斯击败的前财政大臣苏纳克、国际贸易副大臣摩丹特，“甚至还包括(前首相)约翰逊”。
另一方面，英国下议院17日将就一份要求立即大选的请愿书辩论。这份请愿书获得数十人万人签名支持。
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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